大毛之爸

在目录中找不到、从课本里面出题的五部作品名及其作者：


作品 -- 作家

Moll Flanders -- Daniel Defoe

Great Expectations -- Charles Dickens

A Tale of Two Cities -- Charles Dickens

Macbeth -- William Shakespeare

Essays of Elia -- Charles Lamb

另：考前背诵、考试中填写作家名字时只需姓即可，无需写名字了。比如George Gordon Byron就可以只记、只写一个Byron.

别太高兴了，防止乐极生悲……




英美散文参考译文


49-50页

1、对今天的很多父母来说，没有什么做过头的顾虑，他们主要关心的就是要让他们的孩子在同伴中一直处于领先位置。他们根本不是担心早熟会对心理有什么不利影响，而是相信超出普通人会带来许多好处。这其中的一个假定是“早熟就早富！”

2、这种为人父母的新型心理的主要后果是，如今的许多父母一直在把极大的压力加于他们孩子的身上，无论何时都要求他们作出超乎年龄的表演。父母亲们认为只有孩子进入了这所或那所幼儿园他们才会有机会进入哈佛、耶鲁或斯坦福大学。出于同样的原因，我们的小学的增强型和加速型学习计划中也忽然之间遍布了小孩子。

3、一定要表现出众的压力在高中层次上同样巨大。高中学生们受到压力，不仅要获得好的分数，还要尽可能多地进入高级班。

4、但是最重要的是，今天的父母亲中的许多人已经成功地开创了自己的事业，并感觉到对自己的生活能够加以把握。他们看不出什么理由不在养育孩子方面也采用相同的方法，并取得类似的成功。成功的孩子是他们成功的终极证明。

5、当然我们需要对我们的孩子提出要求。但是这些要求必须量体裁衣，适应孩子的兴趣与能力。当我们忽视他们的个性、“为了他们好”而把我们认为重要的东西强加给他们的时候，我们就把孩子们放到了危险的位置上，可能遭受短期的压抑紊乱以及长期的性格问题。

6、我也相信我们应该像关心成功一样关心性格。如果我们养育出一个举止文雅、品质优秀、言行得体的孩子来，我们应该对这一点感到高兴与骄傲。如果我们能够达到这些目标，更可能的情况是孩子自然会取得多方面的成功。每个孩子都有着独特的能力类型，这使他们变得特别。在这种意义上，每个孩子都是超级优秀的。


42页


1、对我们很多人来说“创造力”这个词周围有一堵墙，而我们则被摒于墙外。我们抱怨说，我们没有天赋，创造力是天才才有的东西。

2、她是一个除了出于需要、爱心与高度的勇气而自学了一些东西以外没有受过什么教育的女性。但是由于她活出了真我，一心向上，她已经找出了真正的自己，并自如地运用这一真我为自己和他人服务——而这就是创造力。

3、也许最常见的情况下创造力是在对比我们自己更大的目标作出反应的过程中培养、表现出来的。日出的惊喜，当时在一瞬间你感受到了地球缓慢而神圣的转动；在你历尽艰辛、最终达成了对你而言实在是太困难的任务时所感受到的敬畏之心；当整个大地的风景线都在不过盘子一样的浅水坑中倒影出来的时候你所看到的无限和永远——这些就是创造力的种种活动。在这些情感智商就有反思，就有对感受的感受，对我们自己的思想也加以注意。

4、但是好的想法每天都对我们加以轰炸——来自于人群、旅行和阅读。任何人都可能拥有更多的思想，只要对他所拥有的东西更加善于接受即可——使用这些东西、尝试它们，而不是在给这些东西以尝试的机会之前就抛弃掉。其他人像树木上长出蘑菇一样会有新的思想，但是却让这些生动的图景在不经意间流逝了，因为他们对小小的开端觉得不耐烦。如果他们不能有一个震撼人的开端，他们就选择干脆就别开始。这对于创造力而言是一种致命的扼杀。

5、在对作出某事或制作某物以使我们的感情有型有物的渴望之上还有艰苦的工作，那就是磨练——一个如今我们已经不太在乎的词。而更加真实的是，正是在微小的、日常的、每时每刻的磨练中人们能得到创造力的体现，而不是通过至高无上的胜利来体现。

6、最大的、具备转化力量的真理是，要做到有创造力其实就是一种发现——发现我们自己，发现我们自己对生活作出反应的方式。而发现就意味着会有前人未曾发现过的东西。这是一个人独自完成的事，比如出生或死亡，而辨别并接受这一真理，并停止询问如何做到这一点，正是走出了朝我们自己的创造力进发的长长的第一步。


39页

1、为什么女性理解不了男性不想问问题这种事情呢？对这种疑问、以及男性和女性在相互交谈中所遇到的无数大大小小的尴尬的解释是，他们使用语言的方式不同——这种不同源自孩童时代，从那时起他们就在不同的世界里生活、使用语言。

2、从一个女人的角度来看，你请求帮助，获得了帮助，并达到了想要的目的。（在这个过程中）和陌生人建立了一种暂时的联系，这种联系从根本上说是令人愉快的。但是男性很明白这一点，那就是如果承认自己无知、并向别人要求了解信息，那么他就把自己置于一种相对于他人处于下风的位置上了。这（对他来说）决不令人愉快，而是令他感到羞辱。所以对他来说情愿多走点路增长见识，这样就能完好无损地保全自己的独立与自我肯定。这样做对他来说是很合情理的选择。

3、这样的谈话是培养亲密感的要领所在——就是一种证据，证实她和她的同伴是最好的朋友。因为男性从来不会以这种方式跟朋友谈话——不管是不是好朋友，因而他也不会期待会有这种谈话，也不知道怎样进行这样的谈话，更不会因为没有过这样的谈话而觉得缺少了什么。

4、因为男性把交谈作为一种获取地位的手段，他们经常感觉不到在家里交谈的必要。但是他们在“公共”场合与他们不那么熟悉的人相处时说的话却多些。在会议上当要求提问时，几乎总是男士首先发言。

5、如果能够意识到同伴的行为并不是其个人的不足，而是其作为性别中的一员的正常表现，就能减轻这种责备与失望的沉重（心理）负担。理解交谈方式中的性别差异是向作出改变所迈出的第一步。


第4页

Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider.

读书的目的不是要与人驳论，辩倒对方，也不要坚信不移、一切信以为真， 也不是寻求谈资，而是要学会考虑事务、衡量轻重缓急。



英美散文Paraphrasing


Of Studies     P3
1. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.
——Studies help you cultivate sentiment, become more eloquent and enrich your knowledge. When you read books alone, you will feel happy; when you communicate with others, you will become eloquent; and when you judge and arrange affairs, you will become more competent. All these are the main benefits you can get from reading.

2. Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
——Reading gives a man knowledge, discussion makes a man intelligent and quick at thinking, and writing makes a man accurate.

3. If a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have more cunning, to seem to know that he doth not.
——If a man writes little, he should have a good memory; If he discusses little, he should have a quick mind; and if he reads little, he should have more calculating/foxy skills to seem to know what he doesn’t know.


P20
1. What really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all.
——What makes you feel really desperate is to find that we have made no improvement at all when the decisive moment comes.

2. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.
——They are scorned/looked down upon, distrusted/suspected and even attacked by their fellow men, because they stick to using law enforcement as an obviously bold tool to overcome violence.

3. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.
——Sensible and long-lasting solutions are always possible, as long as we use law enforcement to overcome violence.

4. ‘Possible, my lord,’ the barrister replied, ‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed’.
——The lawyer said that we may possibly not solve the problem immediately, but we definitely get more information and attention of the problem.

5. Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.
——To know that violence causes problems rather than solves them is the necessary precondition to become wise in the matter.


The Other Woman    P28
1. “Then it’s time for you to relax and let me return the favor,” I said.
——“Then it’s time for you to enjoy relaxation and let me reward your kindness and benefaction,” I said.

2. I tend to rush around, filling my At-A-Glance calendar to the brim as I struggle to fit a career, family and relationships into my life.
——I tend to have a very busy schedule since I strive to deal with my career, family and relationships into my life.

3. I finally understand the meaning of a term I’ve heard a million times: quality time.
——I finally understand the meaning of a term I’ve heard a million times: to make a proper use of our time and to establish harmonious relationship between our work and life.


Man and Women    P37
1. So it makes sense for him to preserve his independence and self-esteem at the cost of a little extra travel time.
——So it is reasonable for man to keep independence and self-respect at the expense of a little extra time to travel around.

2. He says, “Same old rat race.” She feels locked out: “You don’t tell me anything.”
——He says, “ he is as busy as usual.” She feels she was treated lightly and said, “You don’t tell me anything.”

3. He offers a solution; she dismisses it, with pique.
——He provides a solution but she ignores it angrily.

4. But offering a solution positions the problem-solver as one-up. This asymmetry is distancing; just the opposite of what she was after in brining up the discussion.
——If the man provides a solution, he puts him as one of a higher status. This unequal position/status is estranging their relationship. This is contradictory to what she pursued in the discussion.

5. But he didn’t think of this experience as a story to tell until he needed to come up with material to put himself forward at the dinner party.
——But he didn’t regard this experience as a story to tell until he used it to have some topics to make him outstanding in the dinner party conversation.

6. At a meeting, when questions are solicited from the floor, it is almost always a man who speaks first.
——At a meeting, when questions are asked from the audience, it is usually a man who speaks first.


Of Course You’re Creative     P40
1. For creativity is not so much an aptitude as an attitude, and therefore applicable anywhere from making a lemon pie to building a moon rocket.
——Creativity means attitude rather than talent, so it can be applied to any jobs from the easy one to huge projects.

2. It means sticking to one’s own purpose through a thousand storms and fires, from within as well as from without.
——It means holding on to one’s own goals/purpose, despite any difficulties and barriers and no matter in what cases.


Superkids and Super Problems     P47
1. The assumption was “early ripe, early rot”.
——It is assumed that precocity does harm to children’s psychological health.

2. The assumption is “early ripe, early rich!”
——It is assumed if children started to strive for excellence early in age, they would gain advantageous positions much easier.

3. Play is out and competition is in.
——What matters is not to enjoy themselves in sports, but to be qualified to strive for exceptionality.



英国文学考试最后说明

Jane Eyre 中需记忆的一段是从…”Will you go in and bid Missis good-bye?”到
“It was quite right, Bessie. Your Missis has not been my friend; she has been my foe.”之间的文字。
删除的四个名词解释为
Modernism
Gulliver’s Travels
The School for Scandal
Ode to the West Wind

在目录中找不到、从课本里面出题的五部作品名及其作者：


作品 -- 作家

Moll Flanders -- Daniel Defoe

Great Expectations -- Charles Dickens

A Tale of Two Cities -- Charles Dickens

Macbeth -- William Shakespeare

Essays of Elia -- Charles Lamb

另：考前背诵、考试中填写作家名字时只需姓即可，无需写名字了。比如George Gordon Byron就可以只记、只写一个Byron.

别太高兴了，防止乐极生悲……